In March 2024, an unusual surge in GPS signal interference was reported by 1,614 aircraft in the Baltic region. This phenomenon, which began after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022, became more prominent, urging pilots to preemptively disable their GPS systems. The interference is suspected to be coming from electronic warfare systems in the Russian region of  Kaliningrad as detected across Eastern Europe, affecting over 46,000 aircraft between the period of August 2023 and March 2024.

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There has been disruption to the GPS guidance of air and sea traffic in Finland the Baltic states and Poland, in recent months, according to Estonia’s military chief. Jamming and spoofing techniques disrupt aircraft navigation systems by overloading signals or providing false location information. Admiral Ewa Skoog Haslum of the Swedish Navywent further to emphasise the imminent dangers as well as the financial impact of such actions, urging NATO to address the issue. Russian interference, as reported by the Polish Ministry of Defense, aims to sow fear and helplessness in the Baltic Sea region.