On the occasion of the recent World Cancer Day on February 4, it is worth highlighting one of the most impressive public health achievements in the world: Australia’s progress toward eliminating cervical cancer by 2035. The country is on the verge of reaching a goal set by the World Health Organization for 2030, summarized by the ‘90-70-90’ strategy. This means:

• 90% of girls under 15 fully vaccinated against HPV
• 70% of young women accessing high-quality cervical screening
• 90% of women diagnosed with cervical cancer receiving effective treatment

Australia was a pioneer in HPV vaccine research during the 1990s and became the first country to implement a national HPV vaccination program. In 2007, the vaccination of adolescent girls began, and in 2013, the program was extended to include young boys. The vaccines initially covered two oncogenic HPV strains, while the latest versions now protect against seven oncogenic types and also guard against two common strains responsible for genital warts.

At the same time, Australia enhanced its cervical cancer screening program by introducing HPV DNA testing alongside cytology in 2017, significantly improving the detection of at-risk women. Data published by the Centre of Research Excellence in Cervical Cancer Control in November 2025 show a dramatic decline in new cervical cancer cases. Most notably, there were no recorded diagnoses of cervical cancer in women under 25, a clear indication of the vaccination program’s success.

However, challenges persist: HPV vaccination rates and screening participation are declining among certain population groups, underscoring the need for ongoing public awareness campaigns and improved access to prevention and treatment for underserved communities.

Australia’s experience serves as an inspiration globally, proving that through primary and secondary prevention, early diagnosis, and effective treatment, cervical cancer can not only be controlled but ultimately eliminated. A goal that once seemed unattainable is now within reach!