A revealing report outlining the challenges Greece has faced in recent years was published by the Hellenic National Intelligence Service (EYP), covering the period from September 2024 to December 2025.

The 30-page report addresses the new geopolitical landscape, ongoing wars and their potential impact on Greece, the rapid expansion of artificial intelligence use, the dark web, and “new routes” for human trafficking.

For the first time, the report’s cover features an image of EYP’s state-of-the-art operations center, likely signaling the advanced capabilities of the agency.

Geopolitical and security challenges

A significant section of the report focuses on the potential impact of the conflicts in Ukraine and Gaza on Greece. It notes that during this period, EYP intensified monitoring efforts and achieved tangible results in preventing espionage activities at key Greek ports and countering information manipulation schemes.

The report also reveals that over the course of a year, EYP handled 19 serious cyberattacks targeting IT infrastructure in public sector entities. Additionally, six incidents involved hackers demanding ransom after breaching computer systems, and six more involved the theft of emails and personal data from public organizations.

EYP has identified and traced specific groups operating in Greece that are supported by foreign states and pose cyber threats using a wide array of methods. In 2025, there were also cyberattacks targeting the supply chain.

Terrorism in the digital age

The report emphasizes that online games are increasingly used as a tool to recruit young members into extremist groups:

“A concerning development is the use of online games and virtual communities as platforms to approach and indoctrinate vulnerable individuals, often of a young age. (…) The interaction between espionage, terrorism, and organized crime further increases the complexity of the threat, as criminal networks operate as ‘agents’ on behalf of third parties, state or non-state actors, offering services including intelligence gathering, target identification, procurement of equipment, and financing of illegal activities.”

Migration routes and security

The report also highlights human trafficking as one of Greece’s most serious security challenges.

“In 2025, arrivals from Turkey significantly decreased. (…) In contrast, arrivals from Libya increased by 304%. This development confirms the establishment of the Libya–Crete route as a primary path for illegal migration from Africa and Europe.”

The dark web and cybercrime services

Finally, regarding the dark web, the report notes that platforms exist offering cyberattack services for hire, distributing malware tools, and providing access to stolen data.

“These services are no longer limited to specialized users; they are now accessible even to non-technical actors, significantly expanding the pool of potential threats.”