The need for sweeping reforms to build a robust domestic defense ecosystem was emphasized by Greece’s Minister of National Defense, Nikos Dendias, during his keynote address at the CNN Greece Insights conference.

Dendias outlined an ambitious transformation plan under the government’s “Agenda 2030,” describing it as “a complete change of everything” in how Greece approaches defense, innovation, and strategic planning.

Defense Reform and “Agenda 2030”

Speaking to an audience of government officials, industry leaders, and technology experts, Dendias stressed that Greece must fundamentally rethink its defense model.

“We need businesses, talent, capital, and ideas to move into this new era,” he said, adding that all aspects of defense—apart from core national principles and values—must evolve.

From military uniforms to command structures and threat assessment strategies, Dendias highlighted the need for modernization across the board. A key benchmark of this reform is achieving at least 25% Greek participation in defense procurement programs, ensuring not just financial involvement but also technology transfer and domestic production capabilities.

From Arms Purchases to Innovation Ecosystem

Dendias criticized Greece’s historical approach to defense spending, noting that more than €300 billion has been spent over the decades without fostering a sustainable defense industry or innovation ecosystem.

“We treated armaments as simple purchases rather than opportunities for development,” he admitted.

To address this, the Ministry is implementing a new strategy focused on innovation and collaboration. Central to this effort is the establishment of an Innovation Directorate within the Armed Forces, led by Major General Georgios Panousis. The directorate will act as a bridge between the military, research institutions, and the broader innovation ecosystem, both in Greece and allied countries.

Role of ELKAK and Startup Innovation

A key pillar of the new defense strategy is the Hellenic Center for Defense Innovation (ELKAK), led by CEO Pantelis Tzortzakis. The organization is designed to address market gaps by funding and supporting innovative defense solutions, particularly from startups and small enterprises.

Dendias highlighted ongoing initiatives, including a competition to develop unmanned surface vessels (USVs) for the Hellenic Navy, based on specifications provided by the military. Several projects—some confidential—have already been contracted, involving Greek companies and international partnerships.

Economic and Strategic Benefits

According to Dendias, the new approach serves three key national objectives:

• Strengthening defense capabilities without excessive reliance on foreign suppliers
• Driving economic growth by leveraging domestic talent and innovation
• Improving Greece’s trade balance, particularly in the defense sector, where imports vastly exceed exports

He noted that many defense technologies have dual-use applications, benefiting both military and civilian sectors, while also offering export potential.

Strengthening International Partnerships

Dendias also referenced Greece’s strategic defense cooperation with France, highlighting ongoing joint programs such as the Belharra frigates, part of which are being constructed in Greek shipyards. He expressed optimism that bilateral defense agreements with France would be further strengthened during an anticipated visit by President Emmanuel Macron to Athens.

French Ambassador to Greece Laurence Auer was among the distinguished attendees, alongside senior officials, industry representatives, and leaders from Greece’s defense and technology sectors.

A “New Reality” for Greek Defense

Concluding his remarks, Dendias underscored the urgency of reform, stating that Greece’s future security and economic resilience depend on its ability to adapt.

“If we do not change this entire way of operating, the country will not succeed,” he warned, while expressing confidence that Greece can successfully transition into a modern, innovation-driven defense era.

The conference served as a platform to showcase this strategic shift, signaling Greece’s intent to build a competitive, self-reliant, and forward-looking defense industry.