An ancient shipwreck carrying an estimated 600–650 commercial amphorae has been discovered off the coast of the Greek island of Andros, in a significant underwater archaeological find dating to the late 5th and early 4th century BC.

The Ephorate of Underwater Antiquities of Greece’s Ministry of Culture carried out an underwater inspection after receiving a tip from a private individual. The wreck was located at a depth of 39 to 44 meters (128–144 feet), where archaeologists identified the cargo of an ancient merchant vessel consisting of pointed-bottom transport amphorae.

Photo mosaic of the shipwreck

Concentration of amphorae at a depth of 44 meters

Three Different Types of Ancient Amphorae

Researchers identified at least three different types of commercial pointed-bottom amphorae, originating from:

• Mende
• Peparethos
• Solokha 2

During the survey, one amphora from each type was carefully recovered for sampling and further analysis.

Sample recovery of a commercial pointed-bottom amphora

Dating the Shipwreck

The amphorae have been dated to the late 5th century BC and early 4th century BC, placing the wreck in the Late Classical period.

Archaeologists also discovered part of a lead anchor stock, along with a small number of stones that may have formed part of the ship’s ballast.

A preliminary assessment estimates that the wreck contains approximately 600–650 amphorae, making it one of the most substantial ancient cargo discoveries in Greek waters.

Valuable Insight into Ancient Trade

According to the Ministry of Culture, the discovery significantly enhances our understanding of ancient maritime trade and navigation during the Late Classical era.

Further archaeological study is expected to provide new information about the ship’s cargo, trade routes, and place of origin, offering valuable insight into commercial networks in the ancient Aegean.

The survey team from the Ephorate of Underwater Antiquities included diving archaeologist Dionysios Evangelistis, underwater conservator Angelos Tsompanidis, and seabed technician Louis Mersenier.